CYBERMED LIFE - ORGANIC  & NATURAL LIVING

Adult Stem Cells

  • Dietary Regulation of Adult Stem Cells. 📎

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    Abstract Title:

    Dietary Regulation of Adult Stem Cells.

    Abstract Source:

    Curr Stem Cell Rep. 2017 Mar ;3(1):1-8. Epub 2017 Feb 8. PMID: 28966904

    Abstract Author(s):

    Miyeko D Mana, Elaine Yih-Shuen Kuo, Ömer H Yilmaz

    Article Affiliation:

    Miyeko D Mana

    Abstract:

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dietary intake is a critical regulator of organismal physiology and health. Tissue homeostasis and regeneration are dependent on adult tissue stem cells that self-renew and differentiate into the specialized cell types. As stem cells respond to cues from their environment, dietary signals and nutrients influence tissue biology by altering the function and activity of adult stem cells. In this review, we highlight recent studies that illustrate how diverse diets such as caloric restriction, fasting, high fat diets, and ketogenic diets impact stem cell function and their microenvironments.

    RECENT FINDINGS:Caloric restriction generally exerts positive effects on adult stem cells, notably increasing stem cell functionality in the intestine and skeletal muscle as well as increasing hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Similarly, fasting confers protection of intestinal, hematopoietic, and neuronal stem cells against injury. High fat diets induce intestinal stem cell niche independence and stem-like properties in intestinal progenitors, while high fat diets impair hematopoiesis and neurogenesis.

    SUMMARY:Caloric restriction and fasting are generally beneficial to adult stem cell function, while high fat diets impair stem cell function or create opportunities for tumorigenesis. However, the effects of each diet on stem cell biology are complex and vary greatly between tissues. Given the recent interest in developing dietary interventions or mimetics as therapeutics, further studies, including on ketogenic diets, will be essential to understand how adult stem cells respond to diet-induced signals and physiology.

  • Vitamin C Improves Therapeutic Effects of Adipose-derived Stem Cell Transplantation in Mouse Tendonitis Model. 📎

    Abstract Title:

    Vitamin C Improves Therapeutic Effects of Adipose-derived Stem Cell Transplantation in Mouse Tendonitis Model.

    Abstract Source:

    In Vivo. 2017 May-Jun;31(3):343-348. PMID: 28438861

    Abstract Author(s):

    Kyung-Ku Kang, Eun-Joo Lee, Youg-Deuk Kim, Myung-Jin Chung, Jun-Young Kim, Shin-Yoon Kim, Su-Kyeung Hwang, Kyu-Shik Jeong

    Article Affiliation:

    Kyung-Ku Kang

    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND/AIM:We hypothesized that combined therapy using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and vitamin C might improve tendon regeneration in tendonitis. To determine combined effects of ASC transplantation with vitamin C, we used senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30)-knockout (KO) mice that cannot biosynthesize vitamin C by themselves.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS:SMP30-KO were divided into four groups: Control, vitamin C, ASCs, and vitamin C plus ASCs. Tendonitis was induced in the achilles tendons via injection of collagenase type I. After 1 week, ASCs were injected into the intratendonal region. After 30 days, all mice were sacrificed and Achilles tendons were isolated.

    RESULTS:Gross and microscopic findings showed mice treated with combination of ASC transplantation and vitamin C showed better tendon regeneration than those in other groups. This combination led to higher serum vitamin C levels than use of vitamin C alone. This indicates that the vitamin C-treated group used more vitamin C as a precursor to collagen synthesis, whereas vitamin C was in excess in the combination group because of the added effect of ASCs on tendon healing.

    CONCLUSION:This study showed that vitamin C improved the effect of ASC transplantation on tendonitis by inducing a better stem cell niche.

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