The aim of this study was to explore the potential of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) for reduction of sperm DNA fragmentation level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in semen. The study included 90 men with idiopathic infertility. Patients of the treatment group (n = 60) underwent HBO before the vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. In the control group (n = 30) IVF was carried out without prior cours of HBO. Sperm DNA fragmentation analysis was carried out using the TUNEL assay, the level of ROS in the ejaculate was measured by chemiluminescence. HBO treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the mean level of sperm DNA fragmentation from 33.2± 7.5 to 11.9 ± 5.9%, and the median ROS in sperm from 0.89 to 0.39 mV/s (p<0.05). In the control group these changes were not statistically significant. Pregnancy after IVF occurred in 63.3% (38/60) of sexual partners of the treatment group men and in 36.7% (11/30) of the control group (p<0.05). The high efficiency of HBO in overcoming the adverse effects of oxidative stress on sperm parameters allows us to consider it as a promising method for the treatment of men with idiopathic infertility.

Male infertility is a multifactorial syndrome associated with a wide range of pathological conditions affecting both the sexual and other body systems: endocrine, nervous, blood, and immune. Laser therapy is a form of modern physiotherapy that applies low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI) in various parts of the body. It is widely used in all areas of modern medicine due to its high efficiency, ease of use, the absence of contraindications and side effects. The authors reviewed the results of 171 studies investigating laser therapy, of which 93 were experimental (20 in Russian and 73 international publications), four clinical and experimental (all in Russian), 74 clinical (73 in Russian and 1 in English).Along with domestic literature, publications in Russian from Belarus, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine were also reviewed. The review suggests that laser therapy should be used as much as possible in the management of male infertility not just due to high effectiveness, but also because of the lack of alternatives. For local application, optimal laser irradiation regimens are pulsed LILI of red (635 nm) and infrared (904 nm) spectra. For intravenous laser blood irradiation, the authors recommend alternating a continuous LILI with a wavelength of 635 nm (red spectrum) and 365 nm (ultraviolet spectrum).

The current study was conducted to investigate the ameliorative effect of moderate-intensity exercise training insole and simultaneous with insulin on diabetes (DM)-induced pathogenesis at the testicular tissue and sperm level. For this purpose, 36 mature male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, including sedentary control (Con), exercise training (EX), sedentary experimental DM-induced (SDM), exercise training + DM-induced (DM + EX), insulin-treated sedentary DM-induced (DM + INS) and exercise training and insulin-treated DM-induced (DM + INS + EX) groups. Following DM induction, the 6-week exercise training intervention (30 min of moderate-intensity running on a treadmill, once daily [5 days/week]) was considered in EX groups. The tubular differentiation (TDI) and spermiogenesis (SPI) indices, testicular total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) contents, serum testosterone and insulin levels, the apoptosis ratio and sperm parameterswere assessed. The exercise in sole (EX) and simultaneous forms with INS (DM + INS + EX group) ameliorated the DM-suppressed spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis indices, up-regulated the serum testosterone and insulin levels, enhanced testicular SOD content, inhibited the apoptosis and improved almost all sperm parameters. In conclusion, exercise training, when simultaneously considered with insulin, fairly boosts the insulin-induced impacts, including the up-regulated testicular endocrine and antioxidant status, spermatogenesis and sperm quality.